Preterm birth and early life environmental factors: neuropsychological profiles at adolescence and young adulthood
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2023-11
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Springer Nature
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Objectives: To establish neuropsychological profiles after high- and low-risk preterm birth (i.e., with and without neonatal brain injury) during adolescence and young adulthood and to assess the potential role of early life environmental factors in cognition. Study design: Participants (N = 177; Mage = 20.11 years) of both sexes were evaluated when adolescent or in young adulthood. They were grouped according to their birth status: 30 high-risk preterm, 83 low-risk preterm and 64 born at full term. Results: Significant differences were found in several cognitive domains between groups. Furthermore, familial socioeconomic status (SES) moderated the relation between the degree of maturity/immaturity at birth and cognition (F (5,171) = 11.94, p < 0.001, R 2 = 0.26). Discussion: The findings showed different neuropsychological profiles during adolescence and young adulthood, with the high-risk preterm sample evidencing lower cognitive values. In addition, higher scores in the familial SES score in this study seem to have a protective effect on cognition.
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Fernández de Gamarra-Oca, L., Zubiaurre-Elorza, L., Gómez-Gastiasoro, A., Molins-Sauri, M., Loureiro, B., Peña, J., García-Guerrero, M. A., Ibarretxe-Bilbao, N., Bruna, O., Junqué, C., Macaya, A., Poca, M. A., & Ojeda, N. (2023). Preterm birth and early life environmental factors: neuropsychological profiles at adolescence and young adulthood. Journal of Perinatology, 43(11), 1429-1436. https://doi.org/10.1038/S41372-023-01727-Z