Reflexiones sobre el uso de la violencia revolucionaria: el caso de las FARC-EP
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2018
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Servicio de Publicaciones
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Violencia y política han estado siempre en estrecha relación a lo largo de la historia. El uso de las armas como instrumento para la transformación política ha sido una característica de muchos procesos revolucionarios. Sin embargo, los tiempos de hoy marcan nuevas realidades, desafíos y contextos en donde la violencia ya no es la única, ni la mejor alternativa. Con este artículo se pretende indagar sobre la inutilidad de la violencia revolucionaria en la actualidad, a partir de una mirada a las FARC. Para ello partiré de un breve marco conceptual acerca de las relaciones entre violencia y política. En segundo lugar, plantearé algunos de los principales discursos que han servido para justificar las denominadas guerras justas en general y la violencia política revolucionaria en particular. Y finalmente, haré un recorrido por la evolución de las FARC señalando cómo ha ido modificando su accionar y sus discursos, al punto de llegar a cuestionarse la vigencia de la violencia como método de acción política, reconsiderar sus estrategias y plantearse en tiempos recientes el abandono definitivo de la vía armada.
Violence and politics have always been related throughout history. The use of weapons as an instrument of political transformation has been characteristic of revolutionary processes. However, today's times mark new realities, challenges and contexts where violence is no longer the only, nor the best alternative. This article seeks to investigate the futility of revolutionary violence today, from a look at the FARC-EP. It starts with a framework on the relationship between violence and politics. It raises some of the main discourses that have served to justify the just wars in general and revolutionary violence in particular. Finally, a tour through of the evolution of the FARC-EP is made, pointing out how it has been changing its actions and its speeches, to the point of questioning the validity of violence as a method of political action, reconsidering its strategies and considering, in recent times, abandonment of the armed route.
Violence and politics have always been related throughout history. The use of weapons as an instrument of political transformation has been characteristic of revolutionary processes. However, today's times mark new realities, challenges and contexts where violence is no longer the only, nor the best alternative. This article seeks to investigate the futility of revolutionary violence today, from a look at the FARC-EP. It starts with a framework on the relationship between violence and politics. It raises some of the main discourses that have served to justify the just wars in general and revolutionary violence in particular. Finally, a tour through of the evolution of the FARC-EP is made, pointing out how it has been changing its actions and its speeches, to the point of questioning the validity of violence as a method of political action, reconsidering its strategies and considering, in recent times, abandonment of the armed route.
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Zambrano Quintero, M. L. (2018). Reflexiones sobre el uso de la violencia revolucionaria: el caso de las FARC-EP. Política y sociedad, 55(3), 805-823. https://doi.org/10.5209/POSO.56529