Examinando por Autor "Virto, Naiara"
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Ítem Effects of 12 weeks of short-duration isometric strength training in university students(Asociación Española de Ciencias del Deporte, 2024-06-30) Santisteban Leguina, Aitor; Mojas Ereño, Egoitz; Virto, Naiara; Fernández, Juan Ramón; Gómez, Roberto; Río de Frutos, XabierPurpose: Isometric strength training has the advantage of improving musculoskeletal properties, neuromuscular function and health biomarkers compared with dynamic strength training. This study aimed to analyze the effects of short-term isometric strength training on pain, body composition, and biomarkers of health in young adults. Methods: This was a pre-post experimental study with isometric training period. The training period was carried out for 12 weeks with a single session per week, with a weekly training volume of 6 minutes. The study sample consisted of 22 students (20.5 years ± 1.37) of both sexes (15 males and 7 females). The maximum isometric force test (in Newton meters) using the MedX lumbar extension and knee extension machines. The InBody 770 were used for body composition analysis, visual analog scale for pain and glycated hemoglobin values were measured using the Quo-Lab. Results: Analysis of changes in pain showed a significant improvement in hip pain in the entire group (p≤0.05), with no other significant changes observed in the other pain scales (0.05), phase angle (0.02), glycated haemoglobin (0.00) and lumbar strength (<0.05) measured or segregating the sample by sex. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that a short duration strength training intervention can help to improve pain at anatomical points, reduce HbA1c levels, finding trends for improvement in numerous body composition variables. Highlighting the significant change in phase angle, a variable with a promising approach in the more accurate and comprehensive study of both body composition and metabolic health.Ítem Exploring determinant factors influencing muscle quality and sarcopenia in Bilbao’s older adult population through machine learning: a comprehensive analysis approach(Public Library of Science, 2024-12) Virto, Naiara; Dequin, Danielle Marie; Río de Frutos, Xabier; Méndez Zorrilla, Amaia; García-Zapirain, BegoñaBackground Sarcopenia and reduced muscle quality index have garnered special attention due to their prevalence among older individuals and the adverse effects they generate. Early detection of these geriatric pathologies holds significant potential, enabling the implementation of interventions that may slow or reverse their progression, thereby improving the individual’s overall health and quality of life. In this context, artificial intelligence opens up new opportunities to identify the key identifying factors of these pathologies, thus facilitating earlier intervention and personalized treatment approaches. investigate anthropomorphic, functional, and socioeconomic factors associated with muscle quality and sarcopenia using machine learning approaches and identify key determinant factors for their potential future integration into clinical practice. A total of 1253 older adults (89.5% women) with a mean age of 78.13 ± 5.78 voluntarily participated in this descriptive cross-sectional study, which examines determining factors in sarcopenia and MQI using machine learning techniques. Feature selection was completed using a variety of techniques and feature datasets were constructed according to feature selection. Three machine learning classification algorithms classified sarcopenia and MQI in each dataset, and the performance of classification models was compared. Results The predictive models used in this study exhibited AUC scores of 0.7671 for MQI and 0.7649 for sarcopenia, with the most successful algorithms being SVM and MLP. Key factors in predicting both conditions have been shown to be relative power, age, weight, and the 5STS. No single factor is sufficient to predict either condition, and by comprehensively considering all selected features, the study underscores the importance of a holistic approach in understanding and addressing sarcopenia and MQI among older adults. Conclusions Exploring the factors that affect sarcopenia and MQI in older adults, this study highlights that relative power, age, weight, and the 5STS are significant determinants. While considering these clinical markers and using a holistic approach, this can provide crucial information for designing personalized and effective interventions to promote healthy aging.Ítem Gait speed in older adults: exploring the impact of functional, physical and social factors(Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF), 2024) Virto, Naiara; Río de Frutos, Xabier; Muñoz Pérez, Iker; Méndez Zorrilla, Amaia; García-Zapirain, BegoñaPurpose: With age there is a neuromuscular and cognitive decline that impacts on functional ability. One of the most characteristic and easily recognisable signs of this decline is a decrease in usual gait speed. For older adults, gait speed is a non-invasive indicator of health and functional status and is regarded as a vital sign. As it predicts various conditions later in life, measuring usual walking speed is crucial in the clinical setting. Therefore, analysing and determining the association between walking speed and the impact of functional and socio-economic variables may facilitate the prevention of associated health problems and the maintenance of physical function in older adults. This study aims to identify the key factors that influence walking speed in older adults, as well as to examine the influence of socio-economic status on walking speed. Methods: A total of 1253 older adults (89.5% women) with a mean age of 78.1 ± 5.8 voluntarily participated in this descriptive cross-sectional study, which examines the results of functional capacity tests and socioeconomic data in older adults. To assess physical function, SPPB tests (chair stand test, balance tests, gait speed test), manual grip strength, muscle quality index, and power were conducted, in addition to measuring body composition and socioeconomic status. Results: The final regression model showed that gait speed was significantly partially explained (R2=0.35; p<0.01) by the socioeconomic environment, age, balance, and relative power. At the same time, belonging to a higher socio-economic environment is linked to lower relative power (p<0.01; η2=0.07). Conclusions: Exploring the factors that affect walking speed in older adults, this study highlights that age, relative power and balance are significant determinants. These clinical markers provide crucial information for designing personalized and effective interventions to promote healthy aging.Ítem Non invasive techniques for direct muscle quality assessment after exercise intervention in older adults: a systematic review(Springer Nature, 2024-07) Virto, Naiara; Río de Frutos, Xabier; Méndez Zorrilla, Amaia; García-Zapirain, BegoñaBACKGROUND: The aging process induces neural and morphological changes in the human musculoskeletal system, leading to a decline in muscle mass, strength and quality. These alterations, coupled with shifts in muscle metabolism, underscore the essential role of physical exercise in maintaining and improving muscle quality in older adults. Muscle quality's morphological domain encompasses direct assessments of muscle microscopic and macroscopic aspects of muscle architecture and composition. Various tools exist to estimate muscle quality, each with specific technical requirements. However, due to the heterogeneity in both the studied population and study methodologies, there is a gap in the establishment of reference standards to determine which are the non-invasive and direct tools to assess muscle quality after exercise interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to obtain an overview of the non-invasive tools used to measure muscle quality directly after exercise interventions in healthy older adults, as well as to assess the effects of exercise on muscle quality. MAIN TEXT: To address the imperative of understanding and optimizing muscle quality in aging individuals, this review provides an overview of non-invasive tools employed to measure muscle quality directly after exercise interventions in healthy older adults, along with an assessment of the effects of exercise on muscle quality. RESULTS: Thirty four studies were included. Several methods of direct muscle quality assessment were identified. Notably, 2 studies harnessed CT, 20 utilized US, 9 employed MRI, 2 opted for TMG, 2 adopted myotonometry, and 1 incorporated BIA, with several studies employing multiple tests. Exploring interventions, 26 studies focus on resistance exercise, 4 on aerobic training, and 5 on concurrent training. CONCLUSIONS: There is significant diversity in the methods of direct assessment of muscle quality, mainly using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging; and a consistent positive trend in exercise interventions, indicating their efficacy in improving or preserving muscle quality. However, the lack of standardized assessment criteria poses a challenge given the diversity within the studied population and variations in methodologies.. These data emphasize the need to standardize assessment criteria and underscore the potential benefits of exercise interventions aimed at optimizing muscle quality.