Examinando por Autor "Ukar Arrien, Olatz"

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    Energy and mass assessment of the laser Directed Energy Deposition process (DED-LB) for reduced environmental impact
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Arrizubieta, Jon Iñaki; Murua, Oihane; Urresti, Aizpea; Ukar Arrien, Olatz
    Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes have the capability to promote a more rational use of resources, reduce generated waste, as well as repair damaged components to extend their lifespan. With the aim of contributing to a more efficient and environmentally friendlier manufacturing process, this research work investigates the energy consumption of the Laser Directed Energy Deposition process (DED-LB) through the introduction of new parameters in its characterisation, which are energy and mass efficiency. First, the energy efficiency of the laser generator itself has been characterised. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that pulsed laser operation strategies allow a reduction in consumption of up to 9% compared to a continuous laser operation mode. Second, a design of experiments was carried out to relate the energy and mass efficiency of the deposition process to the input parameters: laser power, feed rate, and mass rate. The parameter that most influences the energy efficiency of the process is the mass rate, where high rates are advisable to maximise its value. On the other hand, it is concluded that an increase in the mass rate or a reduction in the feed rate results in an increase in the mass efficiency.
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    How is climate change included in the implementation of the european flood directive? Analysis of the methodological approaches of different countries
    (MDPI AG, 2021-05-26) Holguín Vecino, Nuria; Mugica Arrien, Aranzazu; Ukar Arrien, Olatz
    Climate change has major effects on the planet, and its consequences on today’s society are undeniable. Climate change is the cause of the increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events including floods. Flood management in Europe has experienced a significant change due to the emergence of the Flood Directive and its implementation in national regulations. The Flood Directive requires the inclusion of the effects of climate change. With multiple factors such as governmental and administrative diversity, and various management tools, each country uses a different methodology. This research conducts a bibliographic review to analyze the methodological approaches applied by four different countries—the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany, and Spain—showing their differences and the causes of such differences and examining the common weaknesses and strengths in the countries’ approach. To this end, it analyzes how to include climate change in the implementation of the Flood Directive in the four countries studied throughout the two cycles. Developing a uniform approach to FD implementation has been hampered by (1) different starting points in the technology of flood prediction, (2) widely varying “traditional” approaches to flood and risk management, and (3) differing levels of the integration of local, regional, and national agencies. Development under the FD has, however, led to increased awareness of the common uncertainty associated with the different current methodologies and the need to deepen the knowledge of climate change as well as the need to develop the technology to reduce said uncertainty.
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    Identifying the future skills requirements of the job profiles related to sustainability in the engineering sector
    (Gökmen Arslan, 2023) Goti Elordi, Aitor; Akyazi, Tugçe; Loroño, Agathe; Alberdi, Elisabete ; Oyarbide Zubillaga, Aitor; Ukar Arrien, Olatz
    The field of engineering has undergone significant evolution over the time. With the advent of newindustrial revolutions and the growing importance of sustainability, the skills necessary to excel as anengineer have changed drastically. To be a competent engineer in the future, and to achieve thepsychological wellbeing of a qualified and up-to-date professional, it is necessary to analyze potentialchanges that may occur in the field and adapt one's skills accordingly. Engineers can stay ahead of thecurve and remain relevant in an ever-changing landscape, only by anticipating and preparing forfuture developments as well as foreseeing the future skills needs. In order to address the need ofidentifying the future skill requirements for engineers, in this work, we created a skills database with astrong focus on sustainability. This database not only integrates current skills, but also foresees andestablishes the skills related to sustainability, which will be needed in the future. For this aim, webenefited from the ESCO database for selecting the engineering job profiles related to sustainabilityas well as the current skills needs of the engineers. On the other hand, we conducted a detailed deskresearch in order to analyse and identify the future skills needs for the selected engineering jobprofiles. The aim of our work is to address the lack of a skills database specifically designed for theengineering field in relation to sustainability. The database is intended to provide end -users withinformation on new skill requirements that may arise from future changes, such as industrial andsustainable shifts.
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    Multifaceted social innovations tackling food wastage for sustainable development
    (Oekom Verlag, 2024) Ukar Arrien, Olatz; Barco Cobalea, Héctor; Enciso-Santocildes, Marta; Caro-González, Antonia
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    Study of the environmental implications of using metal powder in additive manufacturing and its handling
    (MDPI AG, 2020-02-17) Arrizubieta, Jon Iñaki; Ukar Arrien, Olatz; Ostolaza, Marta; Mugica Arrien, Aranzazu
    Additive Manufacturing, AM, is considered to be environmentally friendly when compared to conventional manufacturing processes. Most researchers focus on resource consumption when performing the corresponding Life Cycle Analysis, LCA, of AM. To that end, the sustainability of AM is compared to processes like milling. Nevertheless, factors such as resource use, pollution, and the effects of AM on human health and society should be also taken into account before determining its environmental impact. In addition, in powder-based AM, handling the powder becomes an issue to be addressed, considering both the operator´s health and the subsequent management of the powder used. In view of these requirements, the fundamentals of the different powder-based AM processes were studied and special attention paid to the health risks derived from the high concentrations of certain chemical compounds existing in the typically employed materials. A review of previous work related to the environmental impact of AM is presented, highlighting the gaps found and the areas where deeper research is required. Finally, the implications of the reuse of metallic powder and the procedures to be followed for the disposal of waste are studied.
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    Tecnoetica: inclusion and assessment of the ethical competence in engineering final degree projects
    (Education Society of IEEE (Spanish Chapter), 2022-02-07) Romero Yesa, Susana; Ukar Arrien, Olatz; Bilbao Alberdi, Galo; Sasia Santos, Pedro Manuel; Casado Mansilla, Diego; Eguíluz, Andoni
    Ethics is taking a relevant role in this 21st century, in most cases going hand in hand with scientific-technological advances and the social and cultural implications. However, to date, the evidence on which a university in the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) can rely to incorporate the ethical perspective in the educational curriculum successfully is still scarce. To increase the body of knowledge in engineering ethics, this article presents and evaluates the initiative called 'Tecnoetica' implemented at the University of Deusto, Spain. This initiative proposes to include training in ethical principles, dilemmas, and issues from a holistic and participatory standpoint in which lecturers and students are involved. Because of the initiative, an evaluation rubric is presented as the main contribution from which other centers, universities and/or faculties can benefit.
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    What does Horizon 2020 contribute to? Analysing and visualising the community practices of Europe's largest research and innovation programme
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Husiev, Oleksandr; Ukar Arrien, Olatz; Enciso-Santocildes, Marta
    Decarbonising the world's energy system requires integrated and concise incentives to encourage citizens to participate actively in the energy transition. This article explores community-addressed practices within highly competitive energy projects of the Horizon 2020 framework programme. Compared with bibliometric research, analysing projects' open-platform databases in connection with academic literature can leverage the review and identification of practices in state-of-the-art research projects. In this regard, by applying methodology based on natural language processing techniques to a publicly available Horizon 2020 knowledge database, this paper generalises community-oriented approaches and solutions described in high-impact energy projects. The findings illustrate and characterise disproportions in generalised practices directed to energy consumption reduction, low-carbon energy generation, social economy, policy and strategy actions. Furthermore, the results discuss and exemplify specific projects in the context of the high-impact framework program's technical, socio-economic and socio-cultural matter. Finally, this research work has demonstrated the implementation of language processing within the custom implementation and certain limitations. Given its flexibility, the complex approach can be used as an easy-deployable lens to epitomize the thematic study and facilitate a discussion of trends in social and energy field research.