Examinando por Autor "Penas, Patricia"

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    Adaptation and validity evidence of REE (Recovery Enhancing Environment): a system for assessing recovery in the assisstance of people suffering from a severe mental disorder
    (Universidad de Deusto, 2020-09-11) Penas, Patricia; Iraurgi Castillo, Ioseba; Facultad de Psicología y Educación; Programa de Doctorado en Psicología por la Universidad de Deusto
    El modelo de recuperación personal, definido como la capacidad de la persona en vivir una vida satisfactoria a pesar de los posibles síntomas, es una perspectiva en auge en la atención a personas con trastorno mental grave (TMG). A través de una revisión realizada se ha observado una falta de unicidad en el concepto, además de una escasez de instrumentos adaptados a nuestro entorno. Por ello, en la presente tesis se expone la adaptación y validación psicométrica de la versión española del instrumento REE (Recovery Enhancing Environment, Ridgway & Press, 2004). Una herramienta que permite evaluar tanto el proceso de recuperación individual, como conocer cómo los servicios de salud mental promueven este modelo recuperación. Para ello, se cuenta con una muestra de 312 usuarios representativa de la Red de Salud Mental de Bizkaia estratificada por sexo, edad y centro asistencial. Se han llevado a cabo análisis para probar su validez interna y concurrente, además de la unidimensionalidad de las cuatro subescalas que componen el instrumento, ofreciendo así la posibilidad de ser utilizado de forma independiente. Asimismo, se ha comprobado la estructura factorial de la herramienta en base al modelo conceptual (CHIME) más utilizado para la explicación del concepto, obteniendo el modelo bifactorial unos índices adecuados. Tras probar que se trata de una medida adecuada para su uso, se presentan dos herramientas útiles para los clínicos, que les permiten conocer de forma sencilla la evolución de los individuos en su proceso y el posible cambio organizativo. Por último, se ha observado que esta perspectiva de recuperación se relaciona negativamente con la recuperación clínica más tradicional, relación que es mediada por el autoestigma. En conclusión, el REE se trata de un instrumento adecuado para la evaluación del modelo y la adaptación de los recursos asistenciales al mismo. The personal recovery model, defined as the person's ability to build a satisfying life despite possible symptoms of the disease, is a growing perspective in the care of people with severe mental disorder (SMI). Through a review, a lack of unicity in the concept has been observed, as well as a scarce of instruments adapted to our environment. Therefore, this thesis presents the adaptation and psychometric validation of the Spanish REE measure (Recovery Enhancing Environment, Ridgway & Press, 2004). An instrument that allows the evaluation of both, the individual recovery process and how mental health services promote this recovery model. For this purpose, a sample of 312 representative users of the Mental Health Network of Biscay stratified by sex, age and care centre have participated. Analyses have been carried out to prove its internal and concurrent validity, as well as the unidimensionality of the four subscales of the instrument; those offer the possibility of being used independently. Likewise, the factorial structure of the measure has been checked based on most used conceptual model CHIME, in which the bifactorial structure has obtained adequate indexes. After proving that the Spanish REE is an adequate measure for its use, two useful methodologies are presented for clinicians, which would allow them to know easily the evolution of individuals in their process and the possible organizational change. Finally, it has been observed that this perspective of recovery is negatively related to the traditional perspective of clinical recovery, a relationship that is mediated by self-stigma. In conclusion, the REE is an adequate instrument for assessing the recovery model and the adaptation of care resources to it.
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    Discrepancy between experience and importance of recovery components in the symptomatic and recovery perceptions of people with severe mental disorders
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2021-12) Penas, Patricia; Uriarte, José Juan; Gorbeña, Susana; Slade, Mike; Moreno-Calvete, María Concepción; Iraurgi Castillo, Ioseba
    Background: Personal recovery has become an increasingly important approach in the care of people with severe mental disorders and consequently in the orientation of mental health services. The objective of this study was to assess the personal recovery process in people using mental health services, and to clarify the role of variables such as symptomatology, self-stigma, sociodemographic and treatment. Methods: Standardised measures of personal recovery process, clinical recovery, and internalized stigma were completed by a sample of 312 participants in a Severe Mental Disorder program. Results: Users valued most the recovery elements of: improving general health and wellness; having professionals who care; hope; and sense of meaning in life. Significant discrepancies between perceived experience and relative importance assigned to each of the components of the REE were observed. Regression modeling (χ2 = 6.72, p =.394; GFI =.99, SRMR =.03) identified how positive discrepancies were associated with a higher presence of recovery markers (β =.12, p =.05), which in turn were negatively related to the derived symptomatology index (β = −.33, p <.001). Furthermore, the relationship between clinical and personal recovery was mediated by internalized stigma. Conclusions: An improvement in psychiatric services should be focused on recovery aspects that have the greatest discrepancy between importance and experience, in particular social roles, basic needs and hope. Personal and clinical recovery are correlated, but the relationship between them is mediated by internalized stigma, indicating the need for clinical interventions to target self-stigma.
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    The effects of an intervention to improve mental health during the COVID-19 quarantine: comparison with a COVID control group, and a pre-COVID intervention group
    (Routledge, 2022) Gorbeña, Susana; Gómez Marroquín, Ignacio; Govillard Garmendia, Leila; Sarrionandia Vadillo, Sare; Macía Guerrero, Patricia; Penas, Patricia; Iraurgi Castillo, Ioseba
    ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic has constituted an unprecedented challenge to society and science and it has provided an unexpected opportunity to explore the effects of a positive intervention in times of adversity and confinement. The goal was to evaluate the effects of a theory driven group intervention to cultivate mental health and flourishing. Design: A pre post design with three groups (151 individuals) was conducted, including an experimental group that received the intervention during the pandemic, a pre-COVID intervention group, and a COVID control group. Main Outcome Measures: Based on Keyes’ concept of positive mental health, measures of subjective, psychological and social well-being were obtained, as well as an indicator of psychological distress (GHQ12). Results: Intervention groups showed an increase in well-being and the COVID control group a decrease. Change scores revealed significant differences. Overall percentage of individuals at risk of ill health in baseline was 25.2%, but after the intervention, the COVID control group reached 64.1%. Conclusions: Despite the limitations, the present findings suggest that interventions to sustain and improve mental health in times of crisis and adversity can be an effective approach.
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    Evidencias de adecuación psicométrica de la versión española de la Escala HoNOS
    (Asociación Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación, 2024) Uriarte, José Juan; Iglesias López, Nerea; Penas, Patricia; Moreno-Calvete, María Concepción; Álvarez, Alexander; Iraurgi Castillo, Ioseba
    Outcome evaluation in mental health intervention programs is presented as an alternative of choice for assessing the effectiveness of treatments. For its implementation, it is necessary to have measuring instruments adequately adapted and validated to the context of application. The aim of the study is to provide evidence of the psychometric adequacy of HoNOS adapted to Spanish. A total of 281 users selected by probabilisticstratified sampling participated in the study. The HoNOS scale was used and the dimensional structure that best fits the data to the theoretical model of symptom clustering was tested using confirmatory factor analysis techniques. Evidence was presented showing the HoNOS scale as an appropriate instrument for result assessment in severe mental illnesses. These results make it possible to propose both the use of an overall assessment index and the use of the specific dimensions proposed by the instrument’s authors
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    The role of personal recovery and internalised stigma on the expression of symptomatology in severe mental disorders: mediating and moderating effects
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024-9-1) Penas, Patricia; Uriarte, José Juan; Álvarez, Alexander; Moreno-Calvete, María Concepción; Garay, María Asunción; Iraurgi Castillo, Ioseba
    Objective: Given the relevance of internalised stigma in people suffering from a mental disorder, in the present study, the possible mediating and moderating role of self-stigma in the relationship between personal recovery and symptomatology has been studied. Method: 265 participants with severe mental disorder completed the following instruments: ISMI (self-stigma), REE (personal recovery) and HoNOS, CGI, GAF and EuroQol (symptomatology). Results: both the mediation and moderation analyses show significant results, which would indicate that internalised stigma has an effect on the relationship between personal recovery and symptomatology. Also, people with lower level of personal recovery and greater self-stigma have greater symptomatology than those who are in more advanced personal recovery processes and have a lower perception of internalised stigma. Discussion: the findings of this study suggest that self-stigma has an effect, and the improvement at personal recovery and symptomatology is accentuated when people with a severe mental disorder have a better management of internalised stigma. Therefore, it may be interesting to include this variable in recovery interventions.