Examinando por Autor "Ceberio, Imanol"

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    Ítem
    Cognitive functioning in adults with phenylketonuria in a cohort of Spanish patients
    (Hindawi Limited, 2023) Luna Ovalle, Paula; López Paz, Juan Francisco; García Martín, Maitane; Amayra Caro, Imanol; Martínez, Óscar; Pérez Álvarez, Manuel; Rodríguez Bermejo, Alicia Aurora; Pérez Núñez, Paula; Ceberio, Imanol; Mansilla, Noelia; Soria, Cristina
    The early introduction of a low phenylalanine (Phe) diet has been demonstrated to be the most successful treatment in subjects with phenylketonuria (PKU), especially for preventing severe cognitive and neurological damages. However, it still concerns that even if treated in the first months of life with supplements and following a diet, they can show slight scores below people without PKU in neuropsychological assignments. We investigated 20 adults with classical PKU aged 19-48 years (mean age 29 years) and 20 heathy controls matched by age, gender, and years of education. Patients and controls were assessed with an extended neuropsychological battery, as well as psychological aspects and quality of life, also the last Phe level result was obtained. Results showed that the most affected cognitive domains are processing speed, executive functioning, memory, and also theory of mind, but very well-preserved verbal fluency, language, and visuospatial functioning. In quality of life, some significant results were seen specially in anxiety of Phe levels, anxiety of Phe levels during pregnancy, guilt if poor adherence to supplements, and if dietary protein restriction not followed. No significant results were obtained for the psychological variables. In conclusion, it has been shown that a combination of a low Phe diet, supplement intake, and keeping Phe levels in a low range seems appropriate to have the most normal and alike cognitive performance to persons without PKU.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Content and face validity in virtual reality with children: a validation in five steps+1 of a wheelchair basketball game
    (Frontiers Media SA, 2024) Ceberio, Imanol; Al-Rashaida, Mohammad Ali Hussein; García Martín, Maitane; López Paz, Juan Francisco; Salgueiro, Monika; Passi, Nicole; Pavel, Humberto; Amayra Caro, Imanol
    Objective: The present study is aimed to elaborate and determinate the content and face validity of a virtual reality program attending the perspective of children. This simulation is designed to promote empathy and understanding towards children with motor disabilities through adapted sport scenes. This study proposed a validation approach with six phases to assess technical and aesthetic aspects. Method: Sample: a) Content validity study, 20 children (11–18 years old) were recruited as lay and content experts, who assessed the properties of grade of realism and physical fidelity of wheelchair basketball scenarios. b) Face validity study, 395 children were recruited as lay experts and divided into two groups (7–9 years old and 10–12 years old), or into ten subgroups according to Age × Gender interaction. The face validity sample assessed the psychological fidelity and the presence of wheelchair basketball scenarios. Instruments: Virtual Reality Content Validity Questionnaire, GAMEX questionnaire and Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ). Results: The content validity study showed preference for technical aspects (music, colors and degree of realism). Therefore, modifications in the design were made. In the content validity study, the high agreement level was influenced by previous sport experiences. In the face validity study, the cognitive development of children determined the differences in agreement levels in some virtual properties (absorption and cybersickness). In this sixth step, the ages 7–8 years versus 10–11 years showed significant differences in validity. The study also criticized the face validity cut-offs often used in adult-focused research, emphasizing the need to adapt them for children´s developmental stages. Conclusion: This study proposes a sixth step not traditionally included in content and face validity processes, specially focusing on the child user. The suitability of content and scenes should follow the same principles of standardization as other methodologies, such as psychometric tests, considering age and gender.