Repositorio Institucional
El repositorio institucional recoge la producción científica del personal docente e investigador de la Universidad de Deusto. Su propósito es reunir, archivar, preservar y aumentar la visibilidad en acceso abierto de los resultados de investigación.
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Subjects are not all alike: eye-tracking the agent preference in Spanish
(Public Library of Science, 2022-08-03) Gómez Vidal, Beatriz; Arantzeta Pérez, Miren; Laka Mugarza, Jon Paul; Laka Mugarza, Itziar
Experimental research on argument structure has reported mixed results regarding the processing of unaccusative and unergative predicates. Using eye tracking in the visual world paradigm, this study seeks to fill a gap in the literature by presenting new evidence of the processing distinction between agent and theme subjects. We considered two hypotheses. First, the Unaccusative Hypothesis states that unaccusative (theme) subjects involve a more complex syntactic representation than unergative (agent) subjects. It predicts a delayed reactivation of unaccusative subjects compared to unergatives after the presentation of the verb. Second, the Agent First Hypothesis states that the first ambiguous NP of a sentence will preferably be interpreted as an agent due to an attentional preference to agents over themes. It predicts a larger reactivation of agent subjects than themes. We monitored the time course of gaze fixations of 44 native speakers across a visual display while processing sentences with unaccusative, unergative and transitive verbs. One of the pictures in the visual display was semantically related to the sentential subject. We analyzed fixation patterns in three different time frames: the verb frame, the post-verb frame, and the global post-verbal frame. Results indicated that sentential subjects across the three conditions were significantly activated when participants heard the verb; this is compatible with observing a post-verbal reactivation effect. Time course and magnitude of the gaze-fixation patterns are fully compatible with the predictions made by the Agent First Hypothesis. Thus, we report new evidence for (a) a processing distinction between unaccusative and unergative predicates in sentence comprehension, and (b) an attentional preference towards agents over themes, reflected by a larger reactivation effect in agent subjects.
Topiramato: neurofarmacología y versatilidad clínica
(Permanyer, 2022-06-20) Mínguez Olaondo, Ane
Topiramate, which is classified as a sulphamate-substituted monosaccharide, is a drug whose data sheet shows its indication in epilepsy and migraine, although it is also used in other headaches such as cluster headache, SUNCT-SUNA, paroxysmal hemicrania, trigeminal nerve neuralgia, and headache secondary to idiopathic intracranial hypertension; neuropathic pain; movement disorders such as tremor, tics and Tourette’s syndrome; parasomnias; addictive disorders due to alcohol consumption or other substances; eating disorders such as bulimia or obesity, among others; post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The aim of this paper is to review the knowledge and clinical uses of topiramate, both those included in its technical data sheet and those that are not, and the level of evidence for them.
Extreme prematurity and perinatal risk factors related to extremely preterm birth are associated with complex patterns of regional brain volume alterations at 10 years of age: a voxel-based morphometry study
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023-05-19) Kvanta, Hedvig; Bolk, Jenny; Broström, Lina
; Fernández de Gamarra Oca, Lexuri; Padilla, Nelly
; Ådén, Ulrika
Objective: Structural brain volumetric differences have been investigated previously in very preterm children. However, children born extremely preterm, at the border of viability, have been studied to a lesser degree. Our group previously analyzed children born extremely preterm at term using voxel-based morphometry. In this study, we aimed to examine regional gray and white matter differences for children born extremely preterm derived from the same cohort during childhood. We also aimed to explore the effect of perinatal risk factors on brain volumes in the same group. Methods: At 10 years of age, 51 children born extremely preterm (before 27 weeks and 0 days) and 38 term-born controls with high-quality 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance images were included. Statistical analyses using voxel-based morphometry were conducted on images that were normalized using age-specific templates, modulated, and smoothed. Analyses were also performed in stratified groups of children born extremely preterm in the absence or presence of perinatal risk factors that have previously been shown to be associated with volumetric differences at term. Results: We found volumetric decreases in gray and white matter in the temporal lobes, gray matter decreases in the precuneus gyri, and white matter decreases in the anterior cingulum for children born extremely preterm (all p < 0.001, and pfwe < 0.05). Gray and white matter increases were predominantly observed in the right posterior cingulum and occipital lobe (all p < 0.001, and pfwe < 0.05). Of the examined perinatal risk factors, intraventricular hemorrhage grades I-II compared with no intraventricular hemorrhage and patent ductus arteriosus ligation compared with no treated patent ductus arteriosus or patent ductus arteriosus treated with ibuprofen led to volumetric differences at 10 years of age (all p < 0.001, and pfwe < 0.05). Conclusions: Children born extremely preterm exhibit volumetric alterations in a pattern overlapping that previously found at term, where many regions with differences are the main hubs of higher order networks. Some, but not all, risk factors known to be associated with structural alterations at term were associated with alterations at 10 years of age.
Religion at school in secular Europe
(MDPI, 2023-05-25) Uriarte, Luzio; Rodríguez Fernández, Lidia
It is widely accepted that Europe is characterised by a secularised society and states marked by laicism (laïcité). The article analyses how this European secularity observes religious education, highlighting the fact that it does not have a single model. The diversity of interpretations of the term “secularity” is not unrelated to the fact that there is a plurality of approaches to the teaching (or non-teaching) of religion within European education systems. The authors of the article opt for Taylor’s approach of defining secularity not by its relation to religion, but by the ends it desires to achieve. Within this framework, the article describes the plurality of models of teaching religion in education systems and how these models articulate the values that secularity seeks to achieve. The analysis takes into account both the guidelines and recommendations of European institutions and the policies implemented by states.
Trade networks in the neighbouring Roman provinces of Aquitania-Tarraconensis on the Bay of Biscay: evidence from petrographic and chemical analyses of common coarse ware pottery
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-07-01) Alonso Olazabal, Ainhoa; Zuluaga Ibargallartu, María Cruz; Martínez Salcedo, Ana; Esteban Delgado, Milagros; Izquierdo Marculeta, María Teresa; Réchin, François; Ortega Cuesta, Luis Ángel
Common non-wheel-thrown Roman pottery from the southern Aquitania and north-eastern of Tarraconensis provinces (CNT-AQTA) of the Early and Later Roman Empire (1st to 5th centuries AD) has been studied. Petrological, mineralogical, and chemical analyses were conducted to contrast with the archaeological study of the pottery. The chemical composition of many pottery samples displays different patterns of burial chemical modification, limiting their use for provenance and diffusion studies. Particular emphasis has been paid to the petrographic features of the fabrics, as they do not change during burial, reflecting the nature of the raw material and making it possible to identify the provenance areas of the raw materials. Around the Bay of Biscay, the same pottery tradition continued in the neighbouring provinces during Roman times. Petrographic studies make it possible to determine the distribution of pottery and the changes in trade networks during the Roman period across the area of the Bay of Biscay being studied.